Contents
💊Introduction💊Classification of Pharmaceutical Wastes
-Hazardous Waste
-P-Listed Pharmaceutical Waste
-U-Listed Pharmaceutical Wastes
💊Chemical Characteristics of Pharmaceutical Wastes
-Ignitability (D001)
-Corrosivity (D002)
-Toxicity (Multiple D Codes)
💊Nonhazardous Pharmaceutical Waste
💊Chemo Pharmaceutical Waste
💊Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and Biopharmaceuticals
💊Characteristics of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
💊Factors Affecting the Rate of Bio-degradation of Pharmaceutical Wastes
💊Sources of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
-Manufacturers
-Hospitals
-Private Households
-Landfills
💊Effects of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
-On Human
-On Environment
💊Biological Methods for Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
-Aerobic Methods
-Conventional Activated Sludge Process (CASP)
-Cyclic Activated Sludge System (CASS) or Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR)
-Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) System
-Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)
-Aquatech Enhanced Membrane Bioreactor (Aqua-EMBR)
-Anaerobic Methods
-Hydrolytic bacteria (acidogens)
-Obligate hydrogen producing acetogens
-Methanogens (obligate anaerobes)
💊Biological Sources of Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment
-Bacteria
-Fungi
-Algae
-Plants
💊Water Recycling and Reuse Technologies
-Membrane Filtration System (MFS)
-Nanotechnology
-Microbial Fuel Cells
💊Natural Wastewater Treatment System
-Wetland Treatment
-Phytotreatment
-Water Quality Trading (WQT)
-Indirect Discharge (ID)
💊Wastewater Pond Systems (WPS)
-Facultative wastewater ponds
-Aerobic pond systems
💊Dry Urine-Diverting Toilets
💊Environmental Benefits of Water Recycling
💊Decrease Wastewater Discharge to Active Water Bodies
💊Used to Create or Enhance Wetlands and Riparian Habitats
💊Reduce and Prevent Pollution
💊Future of Water Recycling
💊References
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